Cooperation, competition, or conflict? A review of the multiple international sides of money

Abstract

Is money more likely to be a means of cooperation, competition, or conflict? The following thoughts discuss the main strands of literature investigating the dynamic role of money in a fast-changing financial world, thus trying to trace out the main social, economic and geopolitical implications of the evolution of the international monetary system toward the adoption of competing currencies. This study combines behavioral, monetary economic, and geoeconomics perspectives to introduce a methodological innovation to the traditional analysis of the role of money, providing a holistic view of ongoing monetary phenomena suited to interpret the increasing complexity of financial landscape and the new challenges of monetary policy in an environment of geopolitical tensions.